Glycolic acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from sugarcane and other natural sources. It is the smallest of the AHAs, allowing it to penetrate the skin easily, making it a popular ingredient in skincare and cosmetic products. Glycolic acid is valued for its exfoliating, skin-brightening, and anti-aging properties, often used in chemical peels, exfoliating cleansers, and anti-aging treatments.
Benefits of Glycolic Acid
- Exfoliation: Glycolic acid effectively removes dead skin cells, promoting cell turnover and revealing smoother, brighter skin.
- Skin Brightening: It helps even out skin tone and reduce hyperpigmentation.
- Anti-Aging: Glycolic acid can help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles by stimulating collagen production.
- Acne Treatment: Its exfoliating properties can help unclog pores and reduce breakouts.
- Moisture Retention: Glycolic acid can improve skin hydration by enhancing the skin's ability to retain moisture.
Common Uses of Glycolic Acid
Skincare Products
Glycolic acid is commonly used in skincare products for its exfoliating and anti-aging properties. Common applications and recommended usage percentages include:
- Chemical Peels: To exfoliate the skin and promote cell turnover, typically used at concentrations from 10% to 50%.
- Exfoliating Cleansers: To remove dead skin cells and unclog pores.
- Anti-Aging Treatments: To reduce fine lines, wrinkles, and improve skin texture.
- Acne Treatments: To help clear pores and reduce acne.
- Moisturizers: To improve skin hydration and promote a smoother texture.
Cosmetic Products
Glycolic acid is also used in some cosmetic products for its exfoliating and brightening properties. It is often found in:
- Foundations and Primers: To promote smoother skin and improve texture.
- Face Masks: To provide exfoliation and enhance skin brightness.
Product Specifications
- Chemical Formula: C2H4O3
- CAS No: 79-14-1
- Product Type: Alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA)
- Usage: Skincare, cosmetics
- Purity: Typically 95–99%
- Shelf Life: 2 years or more, depending on storage conditions
Storage and Handling
Store glycolic acid in a cool, dry place, in a sealed container to prevent contamination and moisture absorption. It should be handled with care, as it can be irritating to the skin and eyes in concentrated forms.